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Factors Influencing Mitochondrial Function as a Key Mediator of Glucose-Induced Insulin Release: Highlighting Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase
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Zahra Aghelan1    , Sara Kiani2 , Abolfazl Nasiri2 , Masoud Sadeghi2 , Alireza Farrokhi2 , Reza Khodarahmi 3 |
1- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
2- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
3- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. , rkhodarahmi@mbrc.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (3846 Views) |
| Pancreatic β-cells recognize blood glucose changes and release insulin that is a peptide hormone responsible for stable glycemia. Diabetes, a chronic disorder of insulin insufficiency, leads to disturbed glucose homeostasis and multi-organ problems. Glucose and insulin are key markers in the follow-up and control of this disease. Mitochondrial metabolism of pancreatic beta cells is a crucial part of glucose-stimulated cascade of insulin secretion. Effective factors on β-cells mitochondrial function in production of compounds such as tricarboxylic acid intermediates, glutamate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and reactive oxygen species can have great effects on the secretion of insulin under diabetes. This review enhances our knowledge of factors influencing mitochondrial function as a key mediator of glucose-induced insulin release that accordingly will be helpful to further our understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the progressive beta cell failure that results in diabetes. |
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| Keywords: Mitochondria, glucose-sensing, insulin release, NADPH, ROS, diabetes |
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Full-Text [PDF 444 kb]
(1510 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Clinical Biochemistry
Received: 2020/01/3 | Accepted: 2020/08/4 | Published: 2020/06/30
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