en Genomics & Proteomics and Medical Biotechnology Genomics & Proteomics and Medical Biotechnology Review Review <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="line-height:107%">This research investigates the roles of microRNAs (miR-138, miR-195-5p) and the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). A literature review using databases such as PubMed and Scopus identified 148 articles, which were subsequently narrowed down to 61 unique studies after duplicate removal. The findings underscore the significance of mechanical stimulation in bone metabolism and the complex biological mechanisms of OTM, with a focus on the functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The study aimed to elucidate the expression patterns of non-coding RNA and microRNA in response to orthodontic force, potentially revealing new clinical methods to enhance the safety of orthodontic treatment. Additionally, it examines the therapeutic roles of miRNAs in orthodontics, specifically their influence on inflammation and bone regeneration. Notably, recent evidence has suggested miR-138 may inhibit osteogenesis, indicating its potential role in regulating bone remodeling during OTM, as mechanical forces affect both alveolar bone and periodontal tissues. Furthermore, miR-195-5p has been shown to directly interact with crucial osteogenic proteins, such as Wingless/Integrated 3 A (WNT3A), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A (BMPR1A). By downregulating these proteins, miR-195-5p negatively impacts essential osteogenic pathways related to bone formation and stability. The cyclic strain was found to upregulate lncRNA H19 while downregulating miR-138, promoting osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This review outlines the complex regulatory networks involving these molecules, contributing to an understanding of OTM in dental and skeletal health, and aims to enhance treatment outcomes for malocclusion.</span></span></span></p> &nbsp; miR-138, miR-195-5p, long non-coding RNA H19, OTM, Therapeutic aspects. 949 963 http://ijmcmed.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8189-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Dorsa Nikeghbal Nikeghbaldorsa@gmail.com 100319475328460035499 0009-0006-1835-006X No Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, School of dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Sajjad Rostamzadeh sajjadrostamzadeh1@gmail.com 100319475328460035500 0009-0005-4980-7926 No Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Sarah Qutaiba Badraldeen sarah@gmail.com 100319475328460035501 0009-0001-1840-2599 No Pharmacy College, Alnoor University, Mosul, Iraq Soroor Soltani slt.sorour@gmail.com 100319475328460035502 100319475328460035502 No School of Dentistry_ International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran Reza Mahmoudi Anzabi Rezamahmoudi47dnt@gmail.com 100319475328460035503 0009-0005-7114-1999 No Resident of Orthodontics at the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Sahar Ghanbaran Sahar.Gh@yahoo.com 100319475328460035504 100319475328460035504 No Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry.Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran. Fatemeh Abedi Diznab Fatemeh.abedi.d@gmail.com 100319475328460035505 0009-0007-0986-2327 Yes Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran