International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine

en Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy Led to the Improvement of Spatial Memory in Rats with Alzheimer’s disease Through Changing the Expression of LncRNA TUSC7/ miR-449a/ PPARγ and CD36 Genes in the Brain Tissue Stem Cell Stem Cell Original Article Original Article Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to phagocytize amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and lower inflammation through the activity of microglia. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a protein involved in reducing inflammation through the activity of microglia and the phagocytosis of Aβ plaques by scavenger receptor CD36, in this study, the effect of MSCs therapy on memory function and plaques was investigated. A total of 24 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: 1) the control group, 2) the Aβ-treated group (Alzheimer's disease (AD)), and 3) the MSC-treated group (AD + MSC). After the treatment with Aβ and MSCs, western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to assess protein and gene expression levels, respectively. MSCs improved spatial learning and memory in the AD group (p ≤0.05). The expression levels of PPARγ, lncRNA TUSC7, and CD36 genes were significantly elevated in the group receiving MSCs compared to the AD group (p≤0.0001). Also, the expression level of miR-449a significantly decreased in the AD + MSC group (p≤0.0001). Moreover, western blot analysis revealed that PPARγ and CD36 protein levels were enhanced in the AD + MSC group compared to the AD group (p≤0.0001). MSC treatment led to the positive regulation of the PPARγ gene and its protein expression by ncRNAs, which could have a beneficial impact on CD36 protein levels, and subsequently, reduce the number of plaques in the cell recipient. Alzheimer's disease, stem cells, PPAR gamma, microRNAs, LncRNA 108 119 http://ijmcmed.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6723-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyedeh pardis Pezeshki s.pardis.pezeshki@gmail.com 100319475328460033827 0009-0007-4102-3160 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Mehrnaz Karimi Darabi mehrnaz.karimi6878@gmail.com 100319475328460033828 100319475328460033828 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Zahra Nazeri zahranazeri47@yahoo.com 100319475328460033829 100319475328460033829 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Alireza Sarkaki sarkaki_a@ajums.ac.ir 100319475328460033830 100319475328460033830 No Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Mojtaba Rashidi ms_rashidi60@yahoo.com 100319475328460033831 100319475328460033831 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Hossein Babaahmadi-Rezaei babaahmadi-h@ajums.ac.ir 100319475328460033832 100319475328460033832 No Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Alireza Kheirollah Alireza.Kheirollah@Dartmouth.edu 100319475328460033833 100319475328460033833 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Maryam Cheraghzadeh cheraghzade_m@ajums.ac.ir 100319475328460033834 100319475328460033834 Yes Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.