en Infectious disease (Molecular and Cellular aspects) Infectious disease (Molecular and Cellular aspects) Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> as a common gastrointestinal (GI) pathogen must possess certain virulence characteristics to colonize the stomach, evade host immune responses, and subsequently induce GI diseases. This research aimed to investigate the expression level of two important genes, the sialic acid-binding adherence (<em>SabA</em>) and the blood group antigen-binding adhesion (<em>BabA</em>) in <em>H. pylori</em> strains isolated from adult patients living in the northern part of Iran, and their association with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastric cancer (GC). This cross-sectional study was carried out on adult patients referring to the GI clinic of the hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran. New cases diagnosed with gastritis, peptic ulcer or gastric cancer were included. Endoscopic-guided gastric biopsies were examined and <em>H. pylori</em> positive colonies were analyzed to determine the expression of <em>babA</em> and <em>sabA</em> genes, utilizing specific primers and the SYBR Green dye. Among 175 patients with mean age of 51.6&plusmn;15.6 years, 101 (57.7%) of the individuals tested positive for <em>H. pylori</em> infection. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between <em>sabA</em> (P=0.003) and <em>babA</em> (P=0.002) gene expression and development of PUD and GC. Smoking (P=0.052), gender (P=0.004) and positive <em>babA</em> gene expression (P=0.009) had the greatest association with occurrence of PUD or GC in <em>H. pylori</em> positive patients.&nbsp; In summary, the presence of the <em>sabA</em> gene in people infected with H. pylori increased the risk of GC compared to gastritis, while, the presence of the <em>babA</em> gene was significantly increased in gastric ulcer patients. Considering the diversity of <em>H. pylori</em> isolates and the varying results observed in different geographical regions, further comprehensive studies are required to evaluate the function of these genes in <em>H. pylori</em> pathogenesis and their relationship with clinical outcomes.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Helicobacter pylori, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Gastric Cancer, sabA, babA 211 219 http://ijmcmed.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-86-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Javad Shokri Shirvani javadshokry@gmail.com 100319475328460027876 100319475328460027876 No Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Maryam Salehi maryamsalehi666@gmail.com 100319475328460027877 100319475328460027877 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Amirmohammad Rezaei Majd amirmohamadmajd@gmail.com 100319475328460027878 100319475328460027878 No Razi Hospital. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farzin Sadeghi sadeghi.farzin@yahoo.com 100319475328460027879 100319475328460027879 No Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti elaheh.ferdosi@yahoo.com 100319475328460027880 100319475328460027880 No Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Soraya Khafri khafri@yahoo.com 100319475328460027881 100319475328460027881 No Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Mehdi Rajabnia ramazan69@yahoo.com 100319475328460027882 100319475328460027882 Yes Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.