en Genetics & Disease Genetics & Disease Original Article Original Article <span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%">The link between the autonomic nervous system and tumor biology is being unfold. We aim to study the contribution of genes of the adrenergic (ADBR2 - rs1042713, NM_000024.6:c.46G>A, NP_000015.2:p. Gly16Arg), cholinergic (CHRNA5 - rs16969968, NM_000745.3:c.1192G>A, NP_000736.2:p.Asp398Asn), and serotonergic systems (SLC6A4 - 5-HTTVNTR-intron2, HTR2A - rs6313, NM_000621.5:c.102C>T, NP_ 001365853 .1: p. Ser 34=) to gynecological tumorigenesis and their treatment by embolization. A total of 517 DNA samples from women were analyzed. Samples were genotyped by PCR, PCR-RFLP and EndPoint genotyping. Results show a statistically significant association between the AA genotype of the ADBR2 gene and GG genotype of the CHRNA5 gene with leiomyoma (OR = 2.311; p = 0.003 and OR = 2.165; p = 0.001, respectively), and the epistatic interaction between genotypes increases the risk (OR = 2.458; p= 0.043). The GG genotype (CHRNA5) shows a lower reduction of the volume of the main leiomyoma after treatment (p=0.015). Combination of the genotypes 12/12-AA (SLC6A4 - ADBR2) increases the risk to leiomyoma (OR = 2.540, p= 0.030). TT genotype of HTR2A gene in combination with any of the two risk genotypes (of ADBR2 or CHRNA5) increases substantially the risk (OR = 5.266, p = 0.006; OR = 6.364, p=0.007, respectively). We conclude that ADBR2 and CHRNA5 genes have a relevant role that is enhanced by the epistatic relationship with the genes HTR2A and SLC6A4. CHRNA5 gene may also be a modulator of the success of embolization. We confirm the contribution of the genetics of Autonomous Nervous System to tumor biology<span dir="RTL" lang="FA">.</span></span></span></span></span> leiomyomas, embolization, ADBR2, CHRNA5, HTR2A, SLC6A4 320 334 http://ijmcmed.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2911-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ângela Inácio minacio@medicina.ulisboa.pt 100319475328460029368 100319475328460029368 Yes Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Laura Aguiar lauramsaguiar@hotmail.com 100319475328460029369 100319475328460029369 No Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Raquel Carrilho raquel.carrilho@hotmail.com 100319475328460029370 100319475328460029370 No Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Patrícia Pires patriciaacpires477@hotmail.com 100319475328460029371 100319475328460029371 No Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Joana Ferreira jfreitas@medicina.ulisboa.pt 100319475328460029372 100319475328460029372 No Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Luís Coelho luiscoelho1996@hotmail.com 100319475328460029373 100319475328460029373 No Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Mário Rui Mascarenhas mascarenhasmr@gmail.com 100319475328460029374 100319475328460029374 No Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal. Luís Sardinha lsardinha@fmh.ulisboa.pt 100319475328460029375 100319475328460029375 No Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana da Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Oeiras, Portugal. Tiago Bilhim tiagobilhim@hotmail.com 100319475328460029376 100319475328460029376 No Serviço de Radiologia de Intervenção do Hospital Saint Louis, R. Luz Soriano 182, 1200-249 Lisboa, Portugal. João Pisco nolongeralive@gmail.com 100319475328460029377 100319475328460029377 No Serviço de Radiologia de Intervenção do Hospital Saint Louis, R. Luz Soriano 182, 1200-249 Lisboa, Portugal. Manuel Bicho manuel.bicho@medicina.ulisboa.pt 100319475328460029378 100319475328460029378 No Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento Rocha Cabral, 14, 1257-047 Lisboa, Portugal. Maria Clara Bicho mclara.bicho@gmail.com 100319475328460029379 100319475328460029379 No Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.