en Stem Cell Stem Cell Original Article Original Article <span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="line-height:107%">Transplantation of H-AdMSCs may improve heart function after MI. AVP is a neurohypophyseal hormone that reduces cardiovascular damage. This study investigated the role of AVP preconditioning in the survival of MSCs and their effect on myocardial repair in the MI rats. H-AMSCs were isolated and incubated for 3 days. The expression of oxytocin and vasopressin receptors was evaluated by Real-time-PCR. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, sham, ASC and AVP-ASC. Ischemia was established by ligation of LAD coronary artery. Electrocardiography, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in myocardium were determined after 7 days. Results showed that preconditioned MSCs significantly increased cardiac function when compared with group that received non-preconditioned MSCs. This was associated with significantly reduced fibrosis, increased vascular density, and decreased resident myocyte apoptosis. Results indicate that AVP preconditioned MSCs can be consider a novel approach to management of MI.</span></span></span> Myocardial infarction, Arginine vasopressin, fibrosis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, mesenchymal stem cells 207 222 http://ijmcmed.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5078-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shakiba Nasiri Boroujeni sh.nasiri.94@gmail.com 100319475328460032600 100319475328460032600 No Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi fr.chehelcheraghi@gmail.com 100319475328460032601 100319475328460032601 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran. Mojtaba Khaksarian mojkhaksar@yahoo.com 100319475328460032602 100319475328460032602 No Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Mehrnoosh Sedighi m.sedighi63@ymail.com 100319475328460032603 100319475328460032603 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran. Vajihe Ghorbanzadeh vghorbanzadeh@gmail.com 100319475328460032604 100319475328460032604 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran. Afshin Nazari nazary257@yahoo.com 100319475328460032605 100319475328460032605 Yes Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.