en Other Other Original Article Original Article <span style="line-height:200%">The current study aimed to investigate the effect of a 12-week endurance training (ET) on microRNA-145 (miR-145) changes and <i>Wnt3a</i> and <i>Dab2</i> cardiomyocytes genes expression of hypercholesterolemic Wistar male rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (<u>191.2&plusmn;19 g,</u> 6-8 weeks age) were randomly assigned into the aerobic exercise-normal nutrition (ANN; n=8), hypercholesterolemic (HCL; n=8), aerobic exercise- hypercholesterolemic (ACL; n=8), and normal nutrition (NN; n=8). Hypercholesterolemia was created by adding 1% cholesterol to the food of the HCL and ACL rats. ET was done five sessions per week on nonconsecutive days for 12 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the rats were killed, and the cardiomyocytes were removed. &nbsp;The expression of miR-145, <i>Wnt3a</i>, and <i>Dab2</i> genes in cardiomyocytes was assessed by real time PCR method. The expression of miR-145 significantly increased in the ANN group in comparison with other groups (P = 0.001). Also, <i>Dab2</i> gene expression significantly decreased in the ANN group in comparison with ACL (P = 0.001) and HCL (P = 0.001) groups. The results also showed that the <i>Wnt3a</i> in the ANN group was significantly different from NN (p=0.001), ACL, and HCL (p=0.001) groups. It can be concluded that aerobic training and cholesterol-rich foods play an essential regulatory role in the expression of miR-145, <i>Dab2</i>, and <i>Wnt3a</i> genes. However, cholesterol-rich foods appear to play a more significant regulatory role than aerobic exercise training. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br> &nbsp; Diet, high-fat, myocytes, cardiac, miR145, microRNA 288 296 http://ijmcmed.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3463-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Soran Heidari soranheidari@gmail.com 100319475328460023520 100319475328460023520 No Department of Physical Education, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. Kamal Azizbeigi kazizbeigi@gmail.com 100319475328460023521 100319475328460023521 Yes Department of Physical Education, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. Kaveh Bahmanpour kaveh_hpt@hotmail.com 100319475328460023522 100319475328460023522 No Nursing Department, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.