:: Volume 6, Issue 4 (Int J Mol Cell Med 2017) ::
Int J Mol Cell Med 2017, 6(4): 222-234 Back to browse issues page
Analysis of Plasmodium vivax Apical Membrane Antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) Haplotypes among Iranian Isolates
Fatemeh Nedaei1 , Zahra Noormohammadi2 , Saied Reza Naddaf1 , Somayeh Mohammadi1 , Ahmad Reza Esmaeili Rastaghi 3
1- Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Biology, College of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. , aresmar40@yahoo.com
Abstract:   (7388 Views)
Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen-1(PvAMA-1) is a surface protein with polymorphic sites. This study was aimed to analyze the polymorphic amino acid residues at PvAMA-1 in different infected age groups. 92 blood samples were collected from south and southeast of Iran. The DNA coding for the domain I (DI), DII, and partial DIII of this antigen was amplified by Nested-PCR, and sequenced. Nucleotide mutations were found in 49 sites and based on the amino acid sequence, 30 variable sites were detected. Age distribution of malaria cases showed that the majority of the patients were between 10 to 30 years old. The scattering plot haplotypes by age showed an increasing incidence rate with age during childhood whereas incidence was the lowest in patients under five years old. Comparison of the polymorphic sites of PvAMA-1 in Iranian isolates with those found in other geographic regions of the world indicated nine common variable positions. In addition, a significant dependence was found between some particular substitutions and age categories. Dependence between particular substitutions and age groups suggests that certain residues in AMA-1 are responsible for clinical attacks in different ages, likely as a result of host immune pressure. The crystal structure of the PvAMA-1 showed that the amino acid substitutions that changed the protein charge were exclusively located in loops and turns where, the interactions with antibodies could occur. These data provide necessary information for an AMA-1 based malaria vaccine design to be effective across all ages.
Keywords: Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1), DNA sequencing, genetic polymorphism, Haplotype, Malaria transmission, Plasmodium vivax
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Type of Study: Original Article | Subject: Genetics & Disease
Received: 2017/09/6 | Accepted: 2017/11/11 | Published: 2017/11/16



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Volume 6, Issue 4 (Int J Mol Cell Med 2017) Back to browse issues page